Hitler’s Attack U-Boats: The Kreigsmarine’s WW II Submarine Strike Force
Reviewed by Charles C. Kolb, Ph.D. During World War II, Hamburg, Germany’s second largest city – an industrial center with oil refineries, extensive shipyards, and U-boat pens — endured 115 British Royal Air Force strategic bombing raids (1939-1945), one of which in July 1943, code named Operation Gomorrah, created a huge firestorm killing an estimated
